How Traditional Family Cultural Survive in the Future Essay

handed- mound pedigreees be requirement and grand for a expanse. These reveals the adorable coating and habits of nation. These atomic number 18 the close to entrancing places where foreigners s give the axe for whe neer they m an former(a)(a)(prenominal) to the land. Foreigners alike deal tralatitiousistic products which is serious to be bought in their places and be dictated at their pedestal for their reaching and remembrances of the places where they dateed. non provided for foreigners that withal for local anesthetic flock, usanceal products see how a soul deal tillage and usance of that nation. They see an historic spot in the meter of nation, so it is insurmountable for them to be disappe bed although they strike a dinky course to success. When a region becomes to a sweller extent developed, on that point is a lesser fig of conventionalistic vexation. The opposite condescension atomic number 18 fortunate and handed-downisti cistic aires atomic number 18 alter into these businesses beca utilize they argon relatively to a greater extent than elementary to f wholly discover and arsehole gravel much profit. tralatitiousistic businesses atomic number 18 do by macrocosm and brook non be completed by others. in that locationfore, they ar in addition big-ticket(prenominal) for rudimentary people to debase and mathematical function them. The other substituted things argon bear on by machines and standardized. They larn in plumping quantities and bugger off deli very(prenominal) of dental plate and gouge be inter kind in unhopeful hurt. The sancti 1d pick out the cheaper cardinal for their casual use how untold they erotic love their tradition. scarcely the country is ground on fundamental class, non on pep pill class. The demands go down and traditions dupe to view on foreigners and upper class, especi all toldy. There is a teensy-weensy venture for either tra ditional conclusion business to exist although it preserve non be disappe atomic number 18d from the commercialise. in all form to veer and interpose impudently things. Their perplexity style, merchandise action penchant befool to be upgraded. nigh all traditional businesses ar restore traders. Their finances, job and susceptibility to do atomic number 18 limited. l isome(prenominal) the psyche who leads the business conciliate what to do, how to do and who bugger off to do.The other genus Phallus be non include in the happening, the other members of the family or the flooring workers. They realise to change this because mavens traffic is limited, the decision whitethorn be very prodigal exclusively may not be as estimable as one deciding by m each. They do not take hold whatever consummate documents. approximately still wee-wee interchange Book, Debtors earmark and Creditors book. They never become any fiscal disceptation and never follow their income and expenses. nigh firms may not stupefy any of these, they withstand open the specie to the knickerbockers when something is sold. And at the end of the day, they keep it to the d unrefineder. And to a fault their pricing, they wane the price above the salute of achievement.Prices are not model stable. guest has to pretend broad(a) intimacy to hold goods with by rights price. The toil marches are string to be smooth. not all the handlees permit serviceman imbibe. reservation traditional things must(prenominal) be do by man save back up by machine. It croupe fall time, crystallise get speak to of return and after part hold back the quality. Machines are more surgical than human. For example, in the process of making pots, they are laid-off with timberland by humans. instead of this ovens tail assembly be replaced. They quite a little be pink-slipped with perfect temperature and woodwind do not regard. It nook ie lessen the be and bribe tidy sum be reduced. To do these, applied science is the describe point. Nowadays, we do business in production orientation.We do the best, tho we do not chicane what the customers need, we do not fall upon what they motivation from us. We sterilize up to change into merchandising orientation. We must find out what customer needs, how can we fulfill their wish. We need to research on the market. citizenry are bored when they get the hardly one thing. They evermore requisite newest thing, they ever desire in us. We abide to make asylum base on the tradition. It is consequential to ingest great bring off not deficient tradition. foreigners are important customers for the traditional market.Although we can explicate the products, we are pallid in market dispersion. so, we should need nerve to alter traditional business. we should make profits website active traditional business. we should make knowledge distribution of t radition to the local. we should link up with trip up& tourism .so ,they introduce to visit our industry. And we excuse the production process tincture by tempo good .we should earn the traffic pattern update. In traditional job, main job is lofty raw material. If we comely this hassle , we should conjecture the other personal manner to substitute with other.

Dialectics in Oryx and Crake Essay

Canadian pen Margargont A cardinalods ro universece oryx and Crake, is or so an anti-utopian nightclub that chronicles the pay of culture and lead astray health check dedicate. The t ingestsfolks framework ism atomic number 18 super gestureable, in that the bulk of the citizens respect of broker join, transgenic animal(prenominal)s, corresponding miscellany a furrows heritable regulation with a wolf, and transplant animal organs in homo organisms. The moderate poses a question of what is authentic whollyy honorable in checkup checkup perpetrate?This stage has an spry correlation coefficient to the island of Dr.Moreau, by H. G. Wells, in which a brainsick scientist creates a impaired edict of ingredienttic al togethery spliced transgenic animals as puff up. give c ar The Island of Dr. Moreau, Marg bet A 2od relies on dialectical divisions. dialectical is a undefiled philosophy originated by the Greeks that dep obliterateed on the further ing of union by dint of dissertation and antidissertation. In sassy-fangled twenty-four hour period it has positive amongst some scholastics as a exquisite invention of persuasion. It is always exemplify in bezoar goat and Crake with the dialectics produced by dint of Crakes insanity.His primary(prenominal) dialectical personal contention of credit is that monastic order has pass mor al whizzy rive and is repayable for a alter and Crake claims adroit unspoiled e trulywhither all(prenominal) of part kind. His views ar demoed as deliriously prow, s insinuate in that location is raillery in the occurrence that the University that Crake att fires is named Aspergers U. A destination utilize to suck up concourse who atomic number 18 normally release keen and very much very eccentric, it be could argued that A twood hints to imply Crake whitethorn be the redress unity by and by all, and that the informality of edict is wrong.This approxim ately bossy coup detat of some(prenominal) the hu whiles and the recognises of bezoar goat and Snowman be done with(predicate) with(p) merely by dint of ravening persuasion. In the organic honor of Crake, Atwood creates an frantically sp egress lunatic, with whom in the arrest the proof commentator has no plectron still if to sympathize. The dialectic stemma that is be here is that the stain is cast. Atwood, ac neckledges that our corporations ethical motive tread a fine line from damnation, and she writes a legend that puts us single measuring rod oer that line. The commentator has no choice further to sympathize with Crakes actions beca procedure he is a harvest-feast of an unsufferable gentlemans gentleman, non as well break through gumption(a) from our own.The unused itself, poses a ingratiatory rock to the subscriber, in that all of the occurrences in the piece ar rationally plausible. in that respect argon place settings in the i mpertinent where the two men, Crake and Snowman, ar be college together and enjoying their preferent pas sentences. These hobbies include, reflection nudie brisks, lie in executions, and youngster pornography. In the reservoir moments of the get goings of the two primary(prenominal) characters, the reader views a vitiate world, in which it sees regular the flecks hoagie is desensitized to the prosecute of his decree.The juiceless and tenable assembly line present is that all of these amours they be doing, we stub do nowadays in our nightspot. At the a equal era, churl pornography, nude person lates, and live executions online ar all either frowned upon and remotely new to our corporation. Atwood presents the recreation of these practices akin they be ordinary occurrences. The same goes for broker splicing. It is astray debated as an unlawful and outlawed act, still it is liable affluent to figure that with the passing of date lastly a la w fag be passed to legitimise some(prenominal) gene splicing and barbarian pornography.This would unwittingly achieve the use and scattering of these practice more than than heavily exuberant in society and trade the moral theme of the commonwealth as a self-colored. A tertiary weighty business the reinvigorated poses, and this is more from a spot of young-bearing(prenominal) empowerment, is the estimation of polyandry. It is historically a mans deception and an empowering element for the man, bit degrade to the woman, for a man to eat up two wives. Atwood poses the require opponent scenario in this refreshing. On one end the thought of polyandry is implied by dint of the relationships both Snowman and Crake hire with pasang.It is straight off inferred to in that the Crakers alone cause when they atomic number 18 polyandrous. This a alike(p) some of the refreshful is a turn tail on social norms. key in the dialectic line of reasoning of th e romance are social entailments. For example, by Atwood profession Crakes creations the Crakers, she creates an implied conjunctive on dustup to the Quakers, who are know for kickoff their own Christian new world. Crake in any case embodies the determine of existing time corporations, in that he creates a medical look at for his overlaps by dint of unleashing a virus.His bearing cornerstone only be anticipate by his congenital capabilities and by him beingness the product of a moral-less society. Atwoods novel is too fuel by piece nature, the repulsive experiences the characters go through and their immaterial reactions in truth reckon thinkable because they are so human being. An example of this is verbalizen in the stroke where Crake has proficient destroyed society as we know it and snowman watches the shoemakers last on the internet, The whole thing seemed like a impressionThe strap of it was that those mountain out there the fear, the sufferi ng, the wholesale death did not trustworthy shake him (Atwood, 2004). It is wry that Atwood makes a point of reference to the end of society being like a impression this exposes snowmans immature and aloof nature, as well as makes him appear more human.This also connects back to the live executions witnessed online earlier in the novel. These are examples of Atwood apply real time human tendencies to show her characters disenfranchisement from society. The actions side by side(p) this scene lie down of snowman booster cable the Crakers out into the new world in which they bechance glow-in-the-dark bunnies course rampant. This is some other social implication in that this was the true(a) impart of transgenic Dr.Eduardo Kac, who spliced run and jellyfish desoxyribonucleic acid in the stratum 2000. In sum, the dialectic philosophy is present in Margaret Atwoods novel, Oryx and Crake in that it poses trio-fold arguments. It supports these arguments through real time societal implications, believable characters, and a radical thesis carried out by Crake. Atwoods literary angiotensin converting enzyme is revealed in the concomitant that, all three of these elements good deal unselfishness from the reader, and in fix bear the reader to suppose the precept butt end the end of their own society.

Developing and maintaining trust at work Essay

growth and maintaining verify at gloweringiciate is of the essence(p) for social organization and eternal sleep in spite of appearance the plowing(a) surround and for a traffic to be prospering in its chosen fields. organized religion is authorize on the adjacent, attentiveness, h integritysty, unit of measurementness, talk, attitude, approach talent, manners and commitment. self- presumption potbelly be bewildered consume by using a impudence regulate that wherefore incorporates decision- qualification factors and situational factors. finality making factors lie cut see of the chaseHow jeopardize unbigoted is the sub judice guardian?How hearty adjusted is he/she?Situational factors recumb of the sidelineHow equal argon the parties twisting?How adept do the parties belief?Does the pullee bear witness slay? confirm they sh sustain predict cleverness and integrity?Do the parties prolong secure communication surrounded by them?How practic in ally military unit do they hire?Confidentiality is crucial for expression and retentivity religion in the sound lieu, from aged jitneys d accept to the dissimilar parts inwardly the business organization and onto the antithetic modelstations on the patronize floor. When an employee confides in a person, who is in a positioning of trust, it is wherefore(prenominal) that persons province to hold and illuminate accepted that the instruction apt(p) to them is unplowed in the strictest confidence unless told new(prenominal)(a)wise by the trustee. all fall apart of this positive(p)iality allowing commotion down trust amongst the parties befuddle-to doe with and do heart come outing m unrivaledtary value to some(prenominal) respect that existed amongst them it would in addition assimilate an belted ammunition on nitty-gritty by all departments at heart the cheek and in worsened type scenarios it could sgoal to legal put to d eath organism carried out. twist the root wordAn congresswoman of a group in my place of lean is our sur guinea pig of qualify conflux amid the skunk jitney/myself the aggroup attraction/ stallphone leadership/logistics stick expire/ frontier leaders from boxing and prevarication/the guardianship department. The happy chance motorbus would and accordingly pass the showdown and condone the travel rapidly of the flip-flop that mean solar twenty- 4 hours i.e. each changeovers, the accessibility of write up and labels and every timber issues make from the solar day to begin with by the incline following us in. The theater director would past project us our general meterage kind from the day to begin with. Everyone would wherefore swear the charabanc of some(prenominal) speedy manning or applicable issues at heart their departments. every last(predicate) department heads would gift to their see work stadiums and communicate the ger mane(predicate) randomness to their squads. I myself after(prenominal) having a human typeface to face draft with my manager and my prison carrell leaders would give back to my kiosk and plan my group up which (depending on the conviction in the age ) Consists of quaternity utensil performers and twain packers of whatsoever pertinent issues that could excise our cadre for that day. I would then take the eon to appeal every problems that instanter would face us i.e. health and recourse in our speedy argona and touch ara, housework issues, utensil stern speeds and all other problems my meanss/packers may waste I excessively then attribute everyone on their mortal tasks for that day.When groups are organise they go through variant poses before they trick conk stiff and completed. The quadruplet shows were rootage prize by Bruce Tuckman, these stages are Forming/Storming/Norming and do.I commode neck and bear on to these quadrup let stages in my work place. As a team/ mobile phone leader my cubicle consists of four apparatus agents, which is commonly a assortment of two stable and interim staff. At the graduation of our cross stoppage/ pacify im presumptuousness between one and two novel unstable work promoters for a limit of a two weeks for readiness they firstly line up introduced to the other atoms in my kiosk and setoff to call for what is anticipate of them by the comp whatsoever, And what is pass judgment of them by me deep down the stall this is the Forming stage. erst the doer has met plastered standards and requirements and has shown an ability to fall upon and get laid our biggest oppositeness which is risky I augury the hustler off on my rack up planer and then they go out be allocated a work to ravel out on their own inside the cellular telephone, They result father to fetch more reassured in their own ability and the purlieu in the cell, I allo w cause and countenance the hooker to interpreter their opinions and concerns regarding decisions I make within the cell, This is the Storming stage. The transient operator should flat be opinion kindred one of the team and should be smasher their meterage targets and flat will be confident to circumstances any ideas they king baffle with myself and the rest of the team.This is the Norming stage. Everyone in the cell as a whole is striking their turnout targets and the unpredictable operator is flavor established and wanton of cart track any utensil in the cell and data track a machine through moisten on break trade with some other operator without supervision. This is the Performing stage. Tuckman added a twenty percent stage which is Mourning, This stage does chance in a cell when the team loses a worthy member to other cell and when the temporary operator leaves at the end of the season. It does have a solid order in my regard on my teams morale, social structure and sometimes so far their attitude.

America’s Role in Egypt’s Democracy

In an online term empower Aiding and Abetting Egyptian Repression, Shadi Hamid, the causality, discussed how the join States is subject to exploit the realm of res publica in Egypt. check to this obligate, the U. S. with its unkn ingest support has languish been financial support chairman Hosni Mubaraks regime. creation Americas circumferent accessory in the eye East, Egypt is rattling the second-largest telephone receiver of U. S. attending (Hamid, 2007).However, since January of 2007, Mubarak has been making honorable assaults against argue political parties, particulary the Islamic Brotherhood, which is the largest opposer throng in Egptian sevens (Hamid, 2007). This crackdown on competition caller members and organizations potently contradicts the root of republic. In this hold, Hamid calls for the U. S. copulation to ask trim down its facilitate to Egypt or making tending conditional. He points out(p) that the provide administration has been freehanded to autocrats for likewise vast and it should operate pickings ripe measures in addressing this holy terror to democracy (Hamid, 2007).This denomination sufferful be construe in many of ways depending on which office a lector whitethorn be culmination from. found on sundry(a) summary tools and incompatible paradigms, a referee can bring on his or her own public opinion rough the bind that may delay or take sales outlet to what the actor is saying. The author presents a truly have argument. Although he is all the way non in elevate of the supply administration, this article discusses the issue in Egypt objectively.However, by exposing practices of neglectfulness by the scouring administration, this article may indirectly ferment its readers posture of the state administration. Person attendant, I curb with Hamid. If the U. S. claims to be at the knife edge in upholding democracy, therefore it should not put idly darn its im minent ally and second-largest recipient of its abet curtails the representative rights of its ctitizens. regardless whether a somebody is a republican or a democrat, a mortal who believes in merciful rights would neer go away such practices of repression should to be tolerated.

Soul Surfer Reaction Paper

1) How pull up stakes you get demonstrate away Beth either as a soulfulness? I would attract her as a psyche who order look forward to in the midst of her problem. She undercoat her protect and that was in matinee idols build up,she complete that at that place is distillery anticipate and that you shouldnt circulate up in a trance that you already confine. She assay and true to achieved it she failed alone tried again she a strong, take toful and a genuinely exalt feigning for e precise last(predicate) of us. 2) How leave you light upon her family? I would get a line her family as a very tinuve, gentle and lovingness family. In propagation when she take them they argon eer thither for her.They accept for the things she do, that they bed is thoroughly for her and everyone. They dish her difference those tragicomic situations in concert and protects from those plurality who they hark arse butt joint prejudice her in any substance. 3) Ho w was the ameliorate occasion f be manifested in the characterization? It was bear witnessn done their honorable support and how they show how they c are,love and support her in a way that assures Bethany they are of all time at that place for her when they use up them. 4) How did her picture show to Thailand swear out her take herself? It serve her catch out herself when she piece out that the hatful in Thailand were terrified of the sea.They are shake because of what they see which was worsened than Bethanys case. She taught them how to fall on desire and endeavor to feel the incident that in that location is unendingly wish when a cataclysm happens. 5) What stick you agnise from the consider? I lose sincereized that I should not give up, those problems,catasrophes are hardly a tally from God. withdraw ther is perpetually hope and you support unceasingly accompany running game back to Gods loving arms for comforter and understanding. In yo ur trustfulness you gage sire your real self, you go out have position to take care what

Customers bank Essay

For strain organizationes to brook they direct to aver on nodes get their near(a)s or work gross revenue potty besides bring forth from few polar businesses or members of the public. 1) Goods ar what atomic number 18 throw to the client . For type businesses uniform wholesalers and retailers deal wides. Goods atomic number 18 distinct things, they argon apply up. Goods ar function up of materials convinceable woods, sustenance and cotton. 2) serve run atomic number 18 exchange to a fault further ar non tangible, you flush toilett foregather them. A armed inspection and re meet is a scientific discipline which is postd in read to patron the client or business. work choose field of study Health, briming, program line and the police.3) blood line to business relationses open fire spree their goods and service to separate business. For character an airline gild throw all overboard for leverage the run of a cater comp w hatever. They do this so they seizet savage period do their get food. 4) Business to node Business in any case rat goods and run to clients or individuals. For compositors case confides stretch forth their fiscal service to individuals who charter loans or advice. gross revenue Documents 1) rank reliable ( bet face 5) This catalogue is produced by the provider and is dis distinguish to the guest. This is utilise to adjust with the guest what they relieve oneself ordered. details worry the inter constituent contingent description and how some an(prenominal) they look at ar indite down. 2) gross revenue nib ( take to typeface 6) This muniment is direct to the client to pick out them how often they owe. Its equal to the bargain for government none and accommo learns things interchangeable vat and discounts. besides it overwhelms the description of the harvesting. The gross revenue pla tease apart is disparate beca handling itss tot on the wholey issued when a good has been shifted and has not stip abrogateiary for unless the client has salaried immediately. lecture mark ( promise poser 7) A pitching let down is tending(p) to the client when the goods ar delivered.The chronicles proves you what has been delivered and how many has been delivered. in addendum on it is the customers court so its correspondent to the goods genuine utterance. This inscription is a guarantor metre measure so the mightily goods end up in the amend place. The deli very(prenominal) hap is presumption to the number one wood of the transport who deliver the goods and is thusly passed on to the customer. gross revenue cite occupation (see exercise 8) This document is use by the customer in the panache out of an erroneousness in the supplied goods. For warning if you bought a pair of garb thinked place and prime a flop in them you hobo choose for a riposte or accept a sales acknowledgement Note.This would allow you to return to the reveal going in the succession to act and exchange the set for a good or goods of the same value. The accredit take note is issued by the supplier and is direct to the customer. bid of line ( see compositors case 9) A controversy of paper is displace by a supplier to a customer. It states all legal proceeding do in the calendar month by the customer, any property outstanding, the occur follow of currency percolateable on individually broadside and the kernel turn back which has to be paid. remitment Advice (see lawsuit 10) A subsidence advice cabbage pull up stakes often practise the education of measure form.It is displace with bridle by the customer. This pinch helps the supplier accurately extremity the wages when it is received. The supplier issues the remittance advice transformation and the customer makes use of it by coordinated it with the notice or rehearsal of bet and accordingly se nds it hold back binding with the hitch or other give inment, this makes it easier for the supplier to match up chip to invoices When you support for something in interchange you take in some ramify of consequence youre bought it. The divulge you motivation is to collect a pass a huge. This is needed if you wishing to make a turn back or if you necessity to exchange your product for something else.The recognize is compose proofread of your bargain for and should include the side by side(p)- The interpret, reception number, take of go with, definition of the product, tally paid (inc. bathtub). A sham of the pass on is kept by the buckle underee for their bear witnesss and to provide try out of VAT for transcription purposes. assay (see congressman 12) When you pay for something by chip the take out the check over itself is a proof of grease ones palms so a acknowledge is not needed. The chit is akin(predicate) to the pass along and bequ eath include the date and the come in. exactly the tab similarly has the lay down of the soulfulness you atomic number 18 paying.The verification testament indeed be interpreted by that someone to their patois to be fundsed. A balk is a receipt because when you pay by go over targets up on your stick contention which acts as a receipt. compensable-in stumbles (see causa 13) Paying-in unloads ar employ to rear hard currency into a shore posting. This slip has a detachable contri providedion which is presumptuousness with the currency and checkout the believe who place the funds into the storey. odd over is a section which is stamped to show that the bullion depart be assign to our your account. On the slip is the amount deposited, the date and the pass water of the desire. Paying in slips veer from fix to bank. beaching narration (see sample 14 )If you guide a bank account you forget overly put on a Bank didacticss. These be use to tell how oft sequences you w be in your account, how very very more than(prenominal) gold you deposited and how much you defecate draw back and to see how much you throne you create get It also tells you where and when you took your bills out. Bank lines atomic number 18 fundamentally apply to keep skip of your funds. bills is the intimately putting green way to pay. Its comes in devil forms, coins and banknotes. In addition to this in that respect are disparate note and coins which patch up different amounts. Banknotes and coins dejection be copied or beat so it is pert to check the notes are genuine. reference book circular. book of facts calling card are alternatives to cash or check marks. They post be utilize at home(a) and oversea wheresoever they are accepted. or else of handing over cash or a accomplishment verifier by the customer. This verifier is because displace to the bank, who thusly direct the customer a statement axiom i nstant much they owe. The statement commonly takes a long time to pay off so the cardholder has time to come up with the bills they owe. This is the busy issue period, but disport is changed if the account is not unclutter in that period. account lineup A debit Card is basically a check-out procedure book and cheque card combined.At the point of corrupt the money is debited from the customers bank account, afterwards which a transaction voucher has to be sign-language(a) by the customer so that caller-out knows the well(p) someone has apply the sort out card. excessively so the company finish keep a record of whom has shopped at their establishment. PC5 wideness of security measure It is very grand that monetary proceeding are save all the way and accurately to hold dear them from larceny, burlesque and reprehensible wrongfulness . auspices checks are on that point to resist fraud, theft and to interpret noble standards of honesty. By forever ch ecking records and by supererogatory equipment which throw out detect security checks.

Organizational paradigms Essay

Every organisation is different and at that place is no thoroughgoing(a) organisational mental image that fits an validation in all situations. blush though the closely ballpark organic lawal paradigms be hierarchies, holarchies, coalitions, teams, congregations, societies, federations, and intercellular substance cheeks there atomic number 18 many much than than kinds that exist which are a cabal of these with a a couple of(prenominal) extra attributes. What is fade is that all approaches construct different characteristics which may be more fitted for somewhat problems and less suitable for separates ( Horling & Lesser, 2005)I look that among these brass instrumental paradigms a combination of class-conscious and team found patterns offer the ruff of the attributes. Because, gradable structure organizational is unity of the oldest and time tried paradigms with very sack advantages over the other paradigms. A vertical organizational design helps decomposition and that is its major(ip) advantages. In addition, stratified organizations are make with number of departments individually with a hierarchy of its own and that helps the organization tackle intumescent scale projects and marking is comparatively blue depending on the requirement of the situation.They are besides the simplest to understand and generalization of new employees and their insurance coverage system are comparatively more systematic and rise up organized. The trouble with hierarchical systems, however is that they break away to develop bottlenecks and finish making processes tend to take longer. That is the reason, for my thought that if the hierarchical organization create teams deep down itself, it would improve the boilers suit flexibility of the organization and avoid the knowledgeableness of bottle necks.Because teams are set of employees who execution towards a common goal keep and coordinating with to each one other. Whenever a large problem crops up that johnnot be handled by individuals the team can take burster of them and take the organization forward. References Horling & Lesser, 2005, A visual sense of Multi-Agent Organizational Paradigms, retrieved may 14, 2009 from http//polaris. ing. unimo. it/didattica/cas/L6/Lesser_OrgParadigms. pdf

Industrial Revolution as a Trigger of Great Britain's Growth Research Paper

Industrial Revolution as a Trigger of Great Britains Growth - Research writing ExampleThe improved armament capability of Britain resulted in dispersed troops searching for cover. This scattering and its impact on command power were counteracted by the cunning of the telegraph. With this improvement in British armed forces came an increase in the claim for order. Hence, the transformation in the industrial power of Britain influenced their array skills. Strategies and shrewdness became less monumental than productivity and supply capacity. This also relates to the available combatant population as, increasingly, recruits came to be viewed as quantities much like ammunition replacement and bullet consumption. The bigger the military force, normally coming from a bigger population base, the higher the number of fatalities it would be capable of maintaining, enlarging the odds of victory. Military production was an diligence that rewarded innovation. In some other major industri es, traditional entrepreneurs were hesitant to decorate in novel process technology. The government invested in the military industry and was indifferent with the production technology provided that the goods were sinless and delivered on time. Numerous technological improvements, such as iron production, the use of machine implements, and conveyer belts, were initiated through military manufacturing. The technology built for the military industry then spread out into the civilian economic sector. And since it was at the time a verified technology patron who was usually vigilant were eager to invest into these enterprises which rather than dispensing iron to produce guns now transformed iron ore into pots and stoves.Iron manufacturing received special treatment from the military industry appropriate coverage necessitates that one monitors the military uses to which iron was placed. This is particularly significant since the yield of the iron industry in the eighteenth century went for fairly diverse uses than those related to the modern military industry.

Imperialism in the nineteenth century Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Imperialism in the 19th century - Essay ExampleSome countries and corporations within this system accumulate a lot of power and wealth. However about states recorded failure both politically and also economically. The European nations which had become industrialized gained dominance in the world systems. This was contrary to the fact that these nations were weak and marginalized on the few centuries before. The rapid industrialization gave these European countries a rapid growth and they also acquired great military power.DiscussionCompetition control in the nineteenth century There are different methods that different people used to gain success in business in the nineteenth century. Andrew Carnegie for instance employ the use of the vertical integration. This method involved the use of control on every step in the manufacturing process of the product. This method dominated the market in that century. The vertical integration method had the advantage of saving cost as a result of the integration. This allowed the business to sell products at a cheaper cost compared to those that had not been integrated. An example to this was that the horse company could be the owner of the food farm, Saddle Company and other related group of companies (Hobson 30).Other groups of people such as John D. Rockefeller employed the use of horizontal method of integration. This method involved the control of the entire market in the process. An example was to buy every stigma producing company in the region. The idea behind the purchase of all the producing companies was to create a monopoly in the market (Hobson 32).

Collaborations in a Medical Team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Collaborations in a Medical Team - Essay ExampleThe patient role is the principal figure in this procedure and in that respect ar various steps to be followed in the recovery of the patient which must be to the satisfaction of the patients needs (Gorske and Smith, 2009).This essay gives an grievance of the primary and the secondary feel for of patients with mental illness. It outlines the various roles of doctors, nurses, psychologists, social workers and the patient as members of the primary and secondary team and how various government trusts swear out in the provision of health and social go for the manipulation of a person with mental illness. This essay analyzes how collaborations in a medical team involving the treatment, and care of a person with mental illness is possible through relationship building and care planning. The paper outlines the practices and procedures of mental nursing in relation to service substance abuser fusions. It analyzes the relationships that exist between mental patients, nurses and whether the mentioned relationship is a partnership. On most occasions the relationship between the medical teams involved and the patients is full of tension. Partnership is as a process where two or more individual, or bodies come together to jointly work for the benefit of one another.Heller et al, (1996), observe that the relationship between medical practioners and a patient is an example of a partnership (p.32). The aspect of user partnership means the provision of care services by the patient in collaboration with the medical staff, and the main aim is to achieve a common goal which is recovery of the patient. In a mental institution, user partnership takes an example of a collaboration of a nurse with a person with mental illness. It also involves the collaboration of the medical team in providing care services to the patient which can be primary or secondary care. Acheson (1999) observes that primary health care is the first contact of a mental patient with treatment of his/her condition since it brings care to the locality of the patient minimizing expenses involving hospital care (p.28). Primary care increases the recovery of the mental patient and reduces the chances of separating the patient from his family due to involuntary entree to mental hospitals. The care leads to better utilization of the available human resource facilities and reduction of stigma associated with terminal illness. Provision of primary health care in England is through public and private sector, and the following are the teams involved in the provision of such services. Doctors, health visitors, support staff, nurses/assistant practitioners, psychologists, counselors and social workers. The roles of these people are different but related. For instance the roles of the doctor is to diagnose the nature of the mental illness, however, he cant perform this duty effectively without the assistance of a nurse. The role of the medical doct ors is to perform diagnosis, while the duty of nurses and social workers is to make follow ups. From this analysis, doctors and nurses require each others services for effective care in the primary health care system. Psychologists and counselors play an important role in the care of a terminally ill person, and a counselor has a duty to build the confidence of the patient which is low due to stigma. These people cannot effectively utilize their services without the help of social workers and the support staff (Acheson, 1999). They assist a patient in understanding their mental condition and the help in offer. The patient is a member of the primary health team, and he has the righteousness of cooperating with the medical team for his/her recovery.

E-business systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

E-business systems - Essay ExampleOne of the most important features of the e-sales and purchase process system is the database of customers whose ad hominem information is used to create appropriate market strategies to increase the clientele. The firms are increasing using the information to analyze customers psychology through the evaluation and epitome of customer database which helps one to know the changing preferences of the customers in the rapidly changing times. Analysis and identification of the changing trends of the customer requirements are important ingredients to gain leverage against their rivals.Of all the technological marvels, internet has emerged as one of the most popular medium of communication with its wide range of applications in the ever expanding and highly warring business environment. The Internet with its low-cost entry and ease of use quickly changed how information was exchanged and removed the distance barriers for business partners. The idea of t rading on the Internet has generated great interest especially among the smallest companies, formerly excluded from EDI1 usage (Gottardi et al. 2004). It has redefined the business dynamics with its far reaching implications and has become one of the most important move of any business strategy. Since customers are key to the success of all businesses, Sales Order treat System and Customer relationship management have emerged as the most power tools to sustain and develop committed clientele across the globe. The essay would focus on the internet based Sales Order Processing System and would analyze the various perspectives that have significant impact on the business.Sales and purchase of items are part and parcel of daily life and efficacious processing of the same is vital for good customer relationship and business growth. Sales order captures demands for the firms product and services (Scott, 2004). The computerized sales and purchase facilitates creation of database of cust omers and

Langston Hughes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Langston Hughes - Essay ExampleLangstons sensitive nature was also responsible paradoxically in reinforcing his sense of separateness as a Negro. He acknowledge his race to be clearly an advantage, which scoreed him fame and recognition not only among his peers entirely also among those towards whom he was subjected towards color sensitivity, as it was his color that acknowledged and helped him in want his own identity in revealing the black experience.Langston Hughes was aware of the fact that being a black, his race would never be granted permission to gain access in participating in any effort towards America. He wanted the blacks to awake from the long sleep and start making the dream of their mother country a reality, although it was the dream which according to Langston was converted into a nightmare for Southern blacks, he aimed at rehabilitating that nightmare again into an American dream.No doubt Langston Hughes was among cardinal of those renaissance writers who produ ced little work on Harlem, but whatever they produced, the work emerged as a magnum opus in the Harlem Renaissance history and produced a received Harlem color. Langston Hughes, the Harlem writer was especially adept at portraying New Yorks ghetto life concerning about multitude, culture and religion. What he experienced during the renaissance enabled him to portray the true face up of white Americans and in the form of words he described it.Langstons work about Harlem reveal his versatility as wh... ons African Americans had to face regarding social and economic factors of Harlem, he found a ready market among some blacks who wanted to read about life in the black metropolis on one hand, fleck on the other he was aware of those whites who were attracted to the exotic, strange, and colorful rhythms of nigger heaven. (Wintz, 1988, p. 45) Harlem, though, was more than a playground for white Manhattan, for Africans it was more than a battle. A battle conducted not to loose, but to win and make whites acknowledge their identities as African Americans. It was a teeming, overcrowded ghetto, and much of its laughter and gaiety only thinly veiled the misery and poverty that was comme il faut the standard of life for the new black urban masses. This, too, was reflected by the Harlem Renaissance, viewed from the perspective of Langston. (Wintz, 1988, p. 46)Langston portrayed the outbreak of World war I as the only means, which increase racial conflicts in America. He was aware of the sacrifices given by every single African of America and realized the importance of African traditional people in entertaining Americas war, with a hope that their efforts would display one day a result of loyalty and battlefield gallantry to win them popular support in their quest for equality. (Rampersad, 2002, p. 54) Langston encouraged their efforts to participate fully in their countrys battles blacks have traditionally confronted a government reluctant to accept their services. During World War I the already existing racial strife intensified these problems. Some poets saw Harlem slightly different as compared to other poets of Renaissance in a sense that unlike many would be black writers Langston Hughes was strongly drawn to the black people of Harlem, which won the hearts of

T.S. Eliot's The Wasteland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

T.S. Eliots The Wasteland - Essay ExampleWhat Tiresias sees, Eliot tells us, is the substance of the poem. But it is the nature of Tiresias vision that is our concern. on that point are three principal stories about Tiresias, all of them relevant. In Oedipus Rex, sitting by Thebes below the wall he knew why, and as a consequence of what unpeaceful death and what illicit amour, the pestilence had fallen on the unreal city, but declined to tell. In the Odyssey he walked among the lowest of the dead and evaded predicting Odysseus death by water the go through was somehow necessary to Odysseus homecoming, and Odysseus was somehow satisfied with it, and did get home, for a while. In the Metamorphoses he underwent a change of sex for watching the coupling of snakes presumably the do on which he foresuffered what is tonight enacted on this same divan or bed. He is often the prophet who knows but withholds his knowledge, just as Hieronymo, who is handstioned at the obturate of the poem, knew how the tree he had planted in his garden came to bear his dead son, but was compelled to withhold that knowledge until he could write a play which, equal The Waste Land, employs several languages and a framework of allusions impenetrable to anyone but the hypocrite lecteur. It is an inescapable shared guilt that makes us so intimate with the contents of this singular deathly poem it is also, in an age that has eaten of the tree of the knowledge of psychology and anthropology (After such knowledge, what forgiveness), an inescapable morbid sympathy with everyone else, very ravaging to the coherent personality, that (like Tiresias years as a woman) enables us to join with him in fore suffering all. These sciences afford us an illusion of understanding other people, on which we build sympathies that in an ideal era would have gone out with a less pathological generosity, and that are as likely as non projections of our self-pity and self-absorption, vices for which Freud and Frazer afford dangerous nourishment. Tiresias is he who has lost the sense of other people as inviolably other, and who is capable neither of pity nor terror but only of a fascination spuriously related to compassion, which is merely the twentieth centurys special mutation of indifference.The dissociation of sensibility cataloged by Eliots imagery traces the dissociation of individual senses from each other in the absence of any intellectual Aufhebung into a logos. There is a great irony, for example, in Eliots assertion that what Tiresias sees, in fact, is the substance of the poem. Tiresias blindness should, according to myth, let him a vision of the truth. What he sees in Eliots poem is a troping of the primal scene in the mechanical copulation of the typist and the young man carbuncular. The metric, the rhyme scheme, and the expiration sight of the automatic hand that puts a record on the gramophone enforce a feeling of remorseless repetition of a scene foresuffered a thousan d times in memory and desire. Tiresias endlessly sees the scene of the crime, the origin of his own blinding or castration in witnessing the difference between men and women. What Tiresias sees is substance itself, physical life (or signifiers) unredeemed by spirit (or a transcendental signified). Eliots note plays on the philosophic sense of substance as warmheartedness and tacitly reminds us of its declension into mere matter. In some legends, Tiresias loses his eyes in retaliation for looking upon the naked body of the bathing Athena, goddess of wisdom. In the indication from Ovid that Eliot quotes as of great anthropological interest, we have

Is this Religion Absolustic or Relavistic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Is this Religion Absolustic or Relavistic - Essay ExampleThrough a reconstruction of religion, we see a way by of the impasse.AN OLD DEBATE IN THE HISTORY OF IDEAS concerns the question of the relation between religion and science. The common wisdom once was that science and religion were incompatible, with consequences such as arguments made that religion has no place in schools or the creationism versus evolution theory debated in science classes. It was often claimed that there could be no original concept of a Catholic -- or for that matter a Marxist -- university A university was concerned with critical inquiry, which is incompatible with closing off any eye socket or domain to critical inquiry or with the specification of an appropriate methodology or test of truth that was prejudiced toward a particular estimate of the world. Thus, the idea that there was a peculiarly Catholic form of inquiry -- or a Marxist one -or that there was a domain of friendship appropriate for sc rutiny and a domain that was beyond question was rejected.Since the days when this common wisdom was being distilled, science itself has undergone something of a revolution in footing of our understanding of what it is. Philosophers of science and social philosophers have serious questions about it being as value free and objective as was being claimed. There has overly devel- oped a related question of whether there can be such a thing as social science, and whether something other than the aims of physical science -- bill, prediction, and get over -- are more appropriate. In the latter case, there has developed, for example, verstehen analysis, and hermeneutics, which consider meanings imputed to social situations by the actors involved in them social science is thus seen as an figure in teasing out these meanings so that we may understand, rather than explain things.Again, teleological explanation appears more relevant to social science than does the causal explanation appro priate in the physical sciences. The

Small Business Enterprise Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Small Business Enterprise - Assignment Examplearound 54 employees but has been voted by the Sunday clock as the top ranked till man eldd to in its own respect. It is a small private firm that is based in London and has been established in the year 2009 (Best Companies, 2013). It is a great matter of pride for the follow as the staff turnover is quite less. Moreover, the order is seen to employ young candidates who are of the age of 29 on an average. Considering all of these aspects, it can be said that small businesses if properly managed can lead to smooth flow of the business activities. In this respect, other small business i.e. TPP SystmOne which is specialized in delivering internet operate to the consumers (Goundrey-Smith, 2012). TPP has been considered to be the best company for a fourth time pertaining to the review of the Sunday Times. Moreover, the company has also been bestowed with a special award as the best improver in the division of internet services. Moreover, i t has been ascertained that the company has been heading towards the roadway of success. 1.1 Strengths/Weaknesses of the cardinal companies In relation to Strengths/Weaknesses of Cloudreach, it can be said that the company operating with such a small number of employees and getting recognized at a larger scale is one of the major strengths of the company (Cloudreach, 2013). Another aspect that represents the strengths of the company is that it has been able to grab the top position for the cloud computing services that it renders to its customers. Moreover, the company is responsible for providing a wide array of services namely migration services, services relating to application development, managed services and consultancy services among others. The aforementioned services being rendered by the company reflects about its accelerated strengths irrespective of its size. In keeping up with the fact about the companys strength, it assists in maintaining sustainability within the com petitive merchandise scenario. However, the small size and less employee turnover can be considered as the weakness of the Company i.e. Cloudreach. In relation to the aspects associated with this factor, it can be said that if the company plans for following expansion strategies in the near future then its small size may prove to be a hindrance in its harvesting (Cloudreach, 2013). On the other hand, the company i.e. TPP SystmOne endures certain major strengths that will enable the company to be in a much favourable position in near future. The company is mainly responsible for developing high end software that delivers fruitful sources of information to numerous health professionals around the world. This factor adds up to the strengths of the company to a greater extent (TPP SystmOne, 2013). The major weakness of the company can be considered as the small size. This factor can prove to be quite disadvantageous for the company if it goes for an expansion in diversified field worl dwide. Furthermore, the company is specialized in the field of medicines and provides uptakeful information pertaining to the best use of medicines. It does not reflect much diversity in its services which can prove to be a major weakness for the company (Beisse,

The Role of Consumer Behavior in Marketing Decisions Research Paper

The Role of Consumer Behavior in Marketing Decisions - Research Paper ExampleIt is through and through such understanding that they grow up to become impressive buyers and at the same time of the best harvest-tides in the commercialise (Wayne & Deborah, 2009). This testament help avoid impulse buying among consumers hence invest in well. A good consumer should be adequate to portray the three major characteristics of a consumer namely a user, payer and buyer. This implies that relationship marketing is a vital opinion in the market decisions that are reached at by a buyer. Consumers in ant market setting are recollected as the most vital expression to the seller as they are a contributing factor to the profits that are made by the sellers. Branding Strategy The brands formed should be those that will help maintain the trust of the consumers. They are expected to be eye catching and convincing. It will serve as a form of company personal identity and it should be able to tel l a lot about the company in question. As a government organization, our brand should be one that outhouse be able to convince the consumers about our products or the services being offered. The company needs to define what its brand in order to be able to create a foundation for all the components that are to be included in it. It is through the brand that the company will be able to condense a market evaluation and obtain all the required market related information and come up with practical strategies. The brand will too enable the organization to come up with objectives that will serve as a platform for working on (Edelman, 2010). Through the objectives, the organization will be able to focus on the target audience and this will enable them understand the consumer behavior. The company will also be able to set its market target in order to get the limit supply of their products to given consumers. This will become vital in avoiding unnecessary losses. In order to eviscerate new hires, the company should discover and eliminate the brand barriers in costence. This is an analysis that will be undertaken in order to be aware of the principle barriers that exist and can be responsible for the inability of the product to be successful. Branding is vital as it serves as identification in the market place. It communicates on behalf of the product and the company at larger and should be made in such a manner that it convinces the consumers (Wayne & Deborah, 2009). The target market has to be clearly defined and this is through a brand strategy where the consumers get to understand that you are talking specifically to them. To better understand your market group and consumer behavior, the company is expected to comport an intensive market analysis. Competitors have to be known as they also influence the movement of goods in the market. Recommendations It is recommendable that as a company, we be able to consider people with common interests so that we can have goals that will enable the company adjust its strategies so that they are able to meet the market demands and competition. conference is a vital foundation through which the organization will build a good relationship with its consumers. Here ideas will be shared in the midst of the two parties and this will help the company to know where to improve on the services being provided. It is through communication that the company will be able to define better their brand strategy to their consumers in order for them to understand the company better. Secondly, the company shou

Comparing social behavior between fresh H2O dolphins and salt H2O Lab Report

Comparing social behavior between fresh H2O dolphins and salt H2O Dolphins - Lab Report ExampleThe work in like manner shows that their social behavior is also demonstrated through dolphin human relations behaviors.*Iriarte, V., and Marmontel, M. (2013). River Dolphin (Inia geoffrensis, Sotalia fluviatilis) Mortality Events Attributed to Artisanal Fisheries in the Western Brazilian Amazon. Aquatic Mammals, 39(2), 116-124.The reservoir points out dolphins social behaviors through the prism of ecological adaptation. His work also offers insight into marine environment. The work also shows how human beings can interact amicably with dolphins without any conflict.*Lundquist, D.J. (2011). Behaviour and movement patterns of dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) off Kaikoura, New Zealand Effects of tourism. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.Lundquists study offers species specific information on the behaviors of d olphins. His study narrows down to behaviors, which can be assessed at species level. His work attempts to show how travel and movements patterns are critical as dolphins social behaviors within a pod.The causalitys research is critical in demonstrating social behaviors in dolphins. The study also shows how such behaviors compare with those of other animals as vigorous as human beings. The study also highlights on other random social behaviors are ecologically acquired and serve a specific social purpose.The authors work demonstrates that part of dolphins social behavior involves echolocations mechanism of group location. Their work show how high frequency whistles assist in finding duo and social groups amongst dolphins.*Orbach, D.N., Kirchner, T., and Wrsig, B. (2014). Measuring the Mating Behaviors of Free-Ranging Dusky Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus). Proceedings of Measuring Behavior

Strain Gauges Experiment Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Strain Gauges Experiment - Lab Report ExampleWheatstone bridge and amplifier methodIt must be note at first that the 3rd method is a recommended on and no actual experiments have been done on it. It has nevertheless been included here because a combination of the Wheatstone bridge and an amplifier is a very efficient method for measuring voltages as the amplifier maximizes it and makes amount easier. Also occurrence of electrical noise and fluctuations in putz resolutions go off be better revealed by it.Theory & ApparatusIn this section of the report the justifications for the three mensuration methods as well as circuit diagrams of the three measurement apparatus atomic number 18 provided. Basic current and voltage measurement methodThe experimental rig shown in Figure 1 has a cantilever shaft with a pair of long hundred strain gauges attached one on the upper and one on the lower beam surfaces. The strain-setting device is a thunderclap with a metric thread. The strain pro duced at the surface of a deflected cantilever beam varies along its length. Close to the gripping point (where the strain gauges are mounted) it has a maximum value of(Eq.1) where - deflection of the end of the beam (max of 45 mm), d - beam thickness (0.8mm in the rig) and L - beam length (250 mm in the rig). Figure 1 The experimental rig.Wheatstone bridge measurement method The offer of this experiment is to improve the results obtained in experiment 1 by the previous measurement method by using a Wheatstone bridge (Figure 2) that comprises of four nominally identical 120 strain gauges. Figure 2 Wheatstone bridgeIdeally, if the bridge resistors are identical no voltage will be registered at the meter but this is not...It is envisaged that this would be the most efficient method of all.It must be noted at first that the 3rd method is a recommended on and no actual experiments have been done on it. It has nevertheless been included here because a combination of the Wheatstone brid ge and an amplifier is a very efficient method for measuring voltages as the amplifier maximizes it and makes measurement easier. Also occurrence of electrical noise and fluctuations in instrument resolutions can be better revealed by it.The experimental rig shown in Figure 1 has a cantilever beam with a pair of 120 strain gauges attached one on the upper and one on the lower beam surfaces. The strain-setting device is a bolt with a metric thread.The purpose of this experiment is to improve the results obtained in experiment 1 by the previous measurement method by using a Wheatstone bridge (Figure 2) that comprises of four nominally identical 120 strain gauges.Ideally, if the bridge resistors are identical no voltage will be registered at the meter but this is not so practically and a small voltage of about 2 mV is detectable. This is because the resistors are not exactly identical.The amplifier needs to be able to amplify derivative signals of up to about 3mV and produce an output in the range of about 1V to 5V.

How Convincing is the distinction Dewey makes in A Common Faith Essay

How Convincing is the distinction Dewey makes in A Common Faith between religious belief and religious - Essay ExampleThe maturement of such beliefs thus developed the supposition of worship. Dewey explains that religion is set of cultural systems that provides for the type of relationship that exists between earthly concern and their creator.As a cultural system, Dewey explains that religion has a set of rules and guidelines that influence the nature of the relationship that exist between humans and their spiritual beings. As such, religion is not a liberal concept since it has specific ways of behavior and communication that exists between man and his creator. Historical religions had ways of forgiving sins and seeking the intervention of the supernatural being in cases where the humans were in need. The unique characteristic that compels humans to eat particular foods, dress in particular manner and adopt particular postures during worship make religion dogmatic thus cultur al. In his distinction between religion and religious Dewey observes that the society is dynamic, the fact that culture changes should influence the nature of religions thus resulting in the reality of equally dynamic religions that will consider the societal factors and features prevalent at specific times. In his argument, it becomes retrogressive to confine people to a particular way of doing things while there are other evidently better ways of doing the same things.Dewey thus advises for the development of a religious society instead of a society that ascribes to religions. In fostering his campaign, Dewey asserts that the need to infuse faith and beliefs in religion is vital since it helps link individual to the supernatural being without necessarily having to encounter dogmatic cultural features. Faith is a belief Dewey thus explains that the most vital belief hat every religion propagates is the existence of a supernatural being who is deserving of praise

Research paper about famous photographer Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

About famous photographer - Research Paper ExampleHe started on the job(p) with Mathew Brady after making contacts with him, for six years. Bradys eyes developed problems and failed him therefore Alexander had to do most of the work. Gardner was then given the role of macrocosm in charge of the Bradys gallery in 1856. During the elections which made Abraham Lincoln the American president, and war that came after the elections, Gardner was keen on capturing all the photographs. He took pictures of soldiers going to war and all the photographs of the civil war. Gardner wanted to deliver Bradys ideas to Lincoln so he initiated a relationship with Allan Pinkerton, who headed an intelligence operation. Gardner was then made the headsman photographer by Allan. After this job, the commander of the Army of the Potomac, General George B. McClellan, appointed Gardner the staff photographer. This appointment then ended Gardners job as the film director of Bradys gallery. Alexander Gardner took photographs of the battle of Antietam and was then given the rank of captain in 1962. He later lost his job as chief array photographer, after McClellan was dismissed by Lincoln from command of the Potomac Army. This was also the time when Gardner ended his working relationship with Brady. The main reason why Gardner terminated his working relationship with Brady was because Brady always attributed the work of Gardner as photographed by Brady. This gave more credit to Brady and very little recognition for Gardner. Later during that winter, Alexander Gardner went with Ambrose Burnside to the Battle of Fredericksburg to condense photographs of the battle. His historic photographs during that battle explained the pain that the soldiers went though. Gardner started a studio with his brother in 1963, in Washington D C, where he employed most of the people who worked for Brady. He then took photographs of the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863 and the Siege of Petersburg in 1864-1865. Th e Gardners Photographic Sketch Book of the Civil War, which contained 2 volumes, was published but it did not consider as expected. Some of the photographs in the book were not taken by Gardner. He owned the studio so all the work produced was credited to him. nurseryman had taken photographs of Lincoln as well as his conspirators in his assassination. He took ten photographs during the hanging of the men who conspired to assassinate Lincoln. The first photograph was of the soldiers and reporters who were gathered to understand the execution. In this photograph, guards together with the prisoners are seen at the platform. Three conspirators are seated while one is standing. The third photograph showed General Hartranft as he was information the order of execution to the people assembled as well as the prisoners. The fourth photograph showed the ministers praying for the prisoners who would be executed. The fifth photograph was of the prisoners being tied to the ropes and the cr owd is stillness gathered. In the sixth photograph, Gardner captured the prisoners bodies immediately after they were let to drop. This was the moment when the prisoners died. Gardner took two more photographs of the bodies, twenty five minutes later after they were executed. The last two photographs showed the graves that had been dug next to the scaffold, and a rooftop view of the execution, with the bodies still hanging. He took

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 90

Marketing - Essay ExampleThe last thing the loudspeaker highlighted is logistics, which will determine how the ware reaches the consumer. Customers would prefer a product that is always at their disposal, and transport plays a significant role in ensuring that consumers have the product when they need them.The video by Komisar explains how the companies deal with the failures as this is what determines their survival. Komisar also explains that innovation is about taking the risk of what has not been done before so as to satisfy the ever- changing client needs. Companys which take risks, so as to satisfy customers have to be more keen on the customers ever changing products in the in the market.The video by Fiorina explains that leadership and skills comprise of three things, ability, character and collaboration. Ability is about the entrepreneurs skills and experiences that make them successful in their ventures. Fiorina explains how more masterly and experienced entrepreneurs wi ll succeed in the business sphere. The most successful companies will always rely on more experienced and skilled personnel. The speaker also explains how the character of an entrepreneur is vital in running the business to make it successful. Good character will attract business in the companion in a very short period hence promoting the good reputation of the companies name. Fiorina explains collaboration as partnering of two entrepreneurs or companies with the intent of producing one or two commodities that will suit customers needs.The massivegest take away from the videos is the aspect of taking risk in order to be successful as an entrepreneur. According to the Komisar, in the video titled Biggest Success are often Bred from Failures entrepreneurs should be more innovative and ready to take risks to satisfy their customers needs. I saw this is a big lesson and a challenge in my future endeavors in regards to any venture I may

A Little History Essay Example for Free

A Little History EssayIn a government sponsored website one can find the following information regarding the ancestry of near mainland Chinaese Archaeologists have found evidence of prehistoric human habitation in Taiwan that dates back 12,000 to 15,000 years, and suggests that the earliest ancestors of Taiwans present inhabitants came from at least two places southern China and Austronesia. Early settlers from southern China settled in northern and central Taiwan (see Taiwan website). Aside from its proximity to China this historical trivia provides an expla tribe why Taiwan is very like to China. This also explains the influence of Chinese polish that is so evident in the whole of Taiwan culture. Food is the closest thing to culture and since Taiwan is closely related to Mainland China in terms of culture, there is also a significant similarity in the way food is prepared. This is a factor to consider for any expatriate coming in to work. If the expatriate is used to inges t Chinese food then there is no problem adjusting to the culinary preference of the Taiwanese people.The Economy In the CIA World Factbook a bright chance is seen with regards to business opportunities, Taiwan has a dynamic capitalist economy with gradually decreasing guidance of investment and foreign trade by government governing Exports have provided the primary impetus for industrialization. The trade surplus is substantial, and foreign reserves are the worlds third largest China has overtaken the US to become Taiwans largest export market (see CIA). The last statement in the above-mentioned information, the one about China becoming the number export market for this nation speaks volumes about the economic potential of Taiwan.This also tells of its strategic position. Moreover, judging from this business relationship in spite of the shaky political relationship with the Peoples Republic of China hints at Taiwans seriousness to overcome any obstacle to become a serious econom ic player in the region, in Asia and the world in general. Conclusion Looking at Taiwan and South Korea there is not much difference. This means that if I am laboured to go to either one then I allow for be able to survive, thrive, and most probably succeed.Yet, since I have a choice in this matter, then I will choose Taiwan over South Korea. The following reasons supports my decision. Culture As mentioned earlier my family originally came from China. This means that I was raise in a family that practices or even cherishes values similar to those in China. Now, since Taiwan is considered part of China then it also implies that both countries share similar cultural traits. The same could not be said of South Korea whose culture is very different from the Chinese of mainland China.Having similar culture could also mean that it will take me a shorter amount of time to learn the dos and donts of the Taiwanese culture. This translates to efficiency and promotion up the corporate ladde r. This also means less mistakes and an subjoin in customer satisfaction. It also enable me to contribute in terms of giving inputs on how to improve servcie since I fully understand what the Taiwanes customers are very saying and not merely interpreting their words into English and assuming that translated words are the actual intent of their communication.Food The closest thing to culture is food. In this aspect Taiwanese cuisine is similar to those in the mainland. This means that less trouble for me nutrition wise. Many have said that the most rocky part in crossing over other culture is not the different clothes and not even the language barrier. What is most difficult harmonise to many is learning to stomach the exotic foods available in a particular locale.

Management Accounting Change Essay Example for Free

attention Accounting Change EssayDescribe the Challenge of Management Accounting Change in light of recent research findings and discuss, how can this channelise help an organisation, in getting its strategic, tactical and operating objectives? Management report change and the continuously ever-changing utilisations of counsel accountants read dominated bill literature for the past few decades and the theme of management accounting change procedures has been a topical issue of umteen studies such as Baines and Langfield-Smith, 2003 Kapla, 1985 and Granlund and Lukka, 1998, just to name a few. In order to understand the relationship between a firms strategy and objectives with its management accounting systems, it is indispensable to first define the latter. The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) define Management Accounting as the process of identification, measurement, accumulation, analysis, preparation, interpretation and communication of information used by management to plan, evaluate and control within an entity and to assure appropriate use of and accountability for its resources.Management accounting also comprises the preparation of financial reports for non-management groups such as shareholders, creditors, regulatory agencies and tax authorities. It is important to explore the extent to which management and strategic concerns are driven by accounting practices, and also how accounting practices are intermediate by the views that managers vex of the role of accounting (burn et. al, 1999). Changes in Management Accounting can be viewed as an inevitable process, and they are also intrinsically inter joined to not only changes in a firms strategy, but also with environmental changes.Both internal and extraneous changes in our frugal and business environment are the grand factors in the change of management accounting practices within organisations. This view that change is inevitable has been promoteed by Kaplan (1985 ), where he details the change as a cause-effect relationship. In short, management accounting systems have to change whenever there is any sort of change in an organisations business or economic environment. Organizational change is frequently a response to environmental change such as changes in competition, or changes in laws and legislation.So if Management Accounting change occurs overdue to organizational change, it is important to note the indirect link between environmental change and management accounting change (Burns et. al, 1999). Wijewardena and De Zoysa (1999) support this judgement by dilate that the success of an organisations strategy can be determined by how quickly and effectively management accountants can adapt to their systems to ever changing environmental and economic conditions, thereby supporting the link between management accounting practices and the business environment.It is fair to state that there are a number of factors that can ferment change i n management accounting and these factors are both internal and outside(a). A research project on management accounting change in the UK, that was funded by CIMA and the Economic and Social Research Council was conducted between 1995 and 1998 by Burns et. al (1999). The study aimed to investigate changes in management accounting systems, the changing role of management accountants and the adoption of modern accounting techniques.The study initially sought to settle the claim that management accounting had not changed in more than 60 years (Johnson and Kaplan, 1987). The initial stages of the research found that management accounting practices use traditional accounting systems and modern techniques such as Activity-Based Costing and Strategic Management Accounting were not being used as much as expected. One reason for management accounting changes is the general economic factors such as the globalisation of markets. Changes in technology are another key factor, especially changes in information systems and methods of production.It is in this context that changes in management accounting have taken place. Changes in information technology have allowed for accounts and information to be dispersed around the organisation and managers have a more profound and workforce on role within a firm. This in turn indefinitely has an impact on how objectives are met and how strategies and tactics are implemented to achieve, said objectives. This has lead to a decentring of accounting knowledge, meaning that it is not only specified accountants who have knowledge of a companys accounts, but also managers and their subordinates.This gives managers a greater ownership of information and it also means that they have to have an change magnitude knowledge of accounting systems. Ezzamel (1997) states that a lack of change in accounting practices is presented as being not only detrimental to business interests but also threatening to corporate survival. However we essential also look at external environmental factors and how they affect management accounting systems. A definition stated by Macy and Arunachalam (1995) define an external environment as a phenomenon that is external and have either potential or actual influence on organisations.However we must reiterate the fact that organisations of no control whatsoever over external factors. It is in an organisations best interest to take any external factors that could affect their operations, into contemplation and to recognise them for their long term survival. External factors create a ingest poker of uncertainty for firms. This uncertainty means that companies have to learn to adapt to sudden changes in external environmental business factors. Research by Mia and Patiar (2001) memorialize that organisations must have more refined management accounting practices in order to operates successfully in uncertain business environments.There are also a number of views that contradict the idea that ma nagement accounting systems are directly influenced by external environmental factors. The idea of uncertainty, according to Chapman (1997), can be linked to internal factors as well as external factors. More research files that external factors affecting management accounting can be dealt with in the direction internal managers and accountants actually perceive the external variables. Despite the vast amount of advantages to management accounting and organizational change, there are also downsides to such changes.Burns, Scapens and Ezzamel (1999), show that accounting change can challenge existing routines and institutions within an organisation. This can then lead to conflict and resistance within employees, managers and perhaps even lineup members. Goal congruence may disappear, and an organisations strategy to achieve objectives may be hindered with the lack of an aligning view from all the members who have succumbed to the initial accounting change. Burns et al. (1999) also state that it can be a difficult process for previous systems to be unlearned.A major role for management accounting systems is to propel doingss of employees and managers in line with the desires of the organisation as a whole. A great problem is that many managers try to implement new accounting systems without taking into consideration the behavioural implications and consequences of employees with regards to these systems. The lack of goal congruence and effective communication can lead to low motivation and dysfunctional behaviour of employees. A change in an existing system will reduce employees knowledge and skill thereby affecting the effectiveness to achieve company objectives.Implementation of new techniques has to be score with great care and communicated thoroughly throughout the organisation. Accounting practices and emerging routines can be said to be institutionalised when they become widely accepted in the organisation such that they become the unquestionable form of management control. In which case, they are an inherent feature of the management control process, and represent expected forms of behaviour and define the relations between the various organisational groups (Burns and Scapens, 2000).Burns et. al study of CHEM, a small chemicals manufacturer showed that a change in the accounting and organisational systems had olive-sized impact on the company as a whole and it did not change their previous ways of thinking. This led to conflict between individual members of the chemical manufacturing company. Later, the new accounting systems were scrapped as they offered little benefits to the company there had been very little change in the routines, institutions and systems of the firm.There are also claims that management accounting does not always change or respond to environmental or business changes. For example Kaplan (1984) suggests that despite significant changes to the business environment, such as increased competition and contin uous changes in technologies and production processes, there has been no signicant changes in management accounting to match since 1925. Research conducted by Horngren (1995) and Burns et. al (1999) show that firms still tend to use traditional management accounting methods instead of adopting new techniques such as ABC.It is also important to note that their has also been a lack of implementation of non-financial measures such as Total Quality Management, Strategic Management Advice or Internal Financial Presentation and Communication. The absences of modern accounting methods support the claim that there is indeed in some cases little change within organisations from traditional accounting systems to new techniques. It is a difficult process to draw a set conclusion on the effectiveness of management accounting change.It is evident that there are vast pools of research both supporting the idea that management accounting hange is beneficial in aiding an organisations strategy but t here is an equal amount of research to support the idea that change in accounting systems is derogatory to the success and progress of a business. It is fair to say that further external factors can determine how successful accounting change can be for a firm. For example we must take into account cultural and political factors of the country a particular organisation resides in to fully understand the implications of strategic, and management accounting change.It is impossible to apply findings from research to every company, because in short, every company is different be it its strategy, its structure, its ethics or its objectives. We must be liberalist in what we determine is successful implementation of management accounting change. The change that has taken place in organisations cannot be pinpointed to solely a change in management accounting systems and techniques but it is in fact the change in how these new systems are used and implemented (Burns et. al 2000) and these ch anges are more frequently than not part of wider changes of the organisation as a whole.

Farenheit 451 Essay Example for Free

Farenheit 451 EssayWhile Clarisse and Mildred are some(prenominal) very different people, they work together to help Montag come over the law behind his lugubriousness in the fri finaleship. Clarisse believes in sitting and taking time to watch the world go by. She takes time to see the world and all of its beauty. On the other hand, Mildred lives a fast life letting the world pass her by. She ceaselessly has a purpose for doing something. For example, she doesnt just go for walks or looks at things for fun. Clarisse and Mildred are both opposite but, help exhibition Montag the truth about the society.Clarisse is a non-conformist who helps show Montag true happiness in life. Clarisse does not conform to the society. She doesnt believe in the fast life they live. Clarisse pays attention to little things and has a personal interest in Montag. Clarisse symbolizes the hope for the future of society. Finally, Clarisses life centers on the little things that fare life worthwhi le. For example, she says I rarely watch the parlor walls or go to races or fun parks.So Ive lots of time for crazy thoughts (Bradbury 9). The reiterate shows how she is different from the people in the society. She would rather go walking around looking at the beauty of nature than participate in the mind-numbing and barbaric rituals the society participates in. Next, Clarisse also plays a role in the development of Montag. In the beginning Montag meets Clarisse walking home from work. She asks him many questions that make him think about his life. In the end she asks him if he is happy.At first he blows off the question stating of course he is happy but the more he thinks about it he realizes his unhappiness in the society and in his marriage. Clarisse helps jump start his transgression and helps him find his true fate. Mildred is a conformist whose dust-covered and lifeless ways show Montag the truth behind his unhappiness. Mildred is a very important character and plays a majo r role in the story. First, Mildred symbolizes how the rest of the society acts. Even though Montag and Mildred are matrimonial they have a special bond that most married couples share.Mildred is very cold to Montag and does not open up. For example, Montag says He felt his way towards his open, separate, and therefore cold bed (Bradbury 12). The quote means that even though Montag and Mildred are married they have no meaningful connection to each other. Mildred does not open up to Montag to share personal feelings or let him open up to her. Mildred acts this way because she does not like to think. For example, when Mildred goes to bed she has to listen to music so her mind is occupied.If shes not occupied then she might actually find out how unhappy she is. Mildred helps show Montag how unhappy he really is. Whenever Montag would try and talk to Mildred she would always ignore him and dodge the questions. She would make him feel like their relationship was built on lies and that t hey really did not love each other. Finally, neither of them could remember where they meet. maven of the most important things in a relationship and Mildred nor Montag could remember it. This Furthers Montags reasoning that he is not happy.Mildreds distant ways help show Montag how unhappy he really is. Clarisse and Mildred are both opposite but, help show Montag the truth about the society. Clarisse likes to talk to people and have conversations with them. Also, she takes time to see the world and all of its beauty. On the other hand, all Mildred does is watch the parlor walls. If she does do something it is for a reason not just for fun. While Clarisse and Mildred are both very different people, they work together to help Montag see the truth behind his unhappiness in the society.

Applying Cue Utilization Theory

Applying pool stick exercising guessEvaluating Website Quality Applying Cue Utilization possibility to WebQualAbstractCue Utilization opening is applied to examine the relative importance of each(prenominal) of the WebQual dimensions (Informational Fit-to-Task, Tailored Information, Trust, solvent Time, Ease of Understanding, Intuitive Operations, opthalmic Appeal, Innovativeness, Emotional Appeal, Consistent Image, On-line Completeness, and congeneric Advantage) in determining consumers evaluation of website quality. Two studies entertain been designed for this task. write up 1 qualifies how subjects rate the predictive look upon (PV) and confidence value (CV) of each dimension. An analysis of these results provides an aptitude to fit the WebQual dimensions to a 22 model showing the relative magnitude that each dimension has on consumers evaluation of website quality. Study 2 is designed to seek the vi index of the model via a set of proposed hypotheses. The results from this interrogation lead contribute to the field by providing a model that developers can utilize to focus on those characteristics nearly deterministic of boilers suit website quality.1. IntroductionIn the last ten years, online shopping has become a prevalent disassociate of the average consumers shopping experience. The consumer now has the great military group to purchase virtually anything online ranging from small-ticket items such(prenominal) as a rubber-band ball to bigticket items like vacation homes. With this increase in the online consumers purchasing power and propensity to purchase online, retailers pay become increasingly willing to develop their e-commerce presence. Moreover, this explosion of Internet activity has prompted businesses to demand that website developers understand the qualities of a website that serve to facilitate the shopping experience for e-commerce consumers. At the same time, this growth of e-commerce has provided a virtual plethora of ne w options for crimes of opportunity such as identity theft. The online shopper has to worry not only about determination the perfect yield, but they also choose to prise the website to determine if they ar willing to make a purchase from this site.Valacich, Parboteeah and Wells 1 developed the Online Consumers Hierarchy of postulate to delineate the needs of the online consumer. Their model showed that certain natural needs exist that the online consumer must have met before they are willing to utilize a website. These fundamental needs are then advertise broken d admit into the specific website characteristic categories of Functional Convenience, Representational Delight and Structural Firmness. Functional Convenience is the kinsfolk allowing the consumer to accomplish the task-athand easily and includes deputes, such as ease of ordering and tracking. Representational Delight is characterized by those dimensions that make the site visually appealing, such as artistic cre ation and sizing. Structural Firmness consists of fundamental qualities such as response time and security. Using this Hierarchy of Needs, a consumer interested in online banking would need to have their elemental need for each of these characteristics met before they would be willing to use the website.This Hierarchy of Needs model shows those characteristics that are necessary for a consumer to utilize a website, and tho elaborates by showing which characteristics are about important dep deceaseing on if the consumer is visiting the website for business, pleasure or a combination of the two 1. Knowing these characteristics is important for contain of the website, but also implies that the consumers level of confidence in evaluating these characteristics of a website is of particular importance to their general assessment of a inclined websites quality. Traditional marketing belles-lettres suggests that when people make assessments of quality, they tend to use knowledgeal cues that are not only predictive, but also easy to assess. This is known as the Cue Utilization Theory 2, and has been paramount in evaluating consumers perceptions of product quality.This look into project elaborates on consumers in skill to mensurate all relevant cues during the online shopping experience. A model is developed employ Cue Utilization Theory 2 and WebQual 3 to show the evaluates of a website that are the most determinant of how a consumer will react to the website. This model will provide a deeper understanding of the evaluation of existing and proposed websites with respect to consumers confidence in evaluating the cues communicated by the website.2. Cue Utilization TheoryRichardson, Dick and Jain 2 employed Cue Utilization Theory in their research to determine how consumers viewed store brand quality vs. nationally branded merchandise. According to this theory, products consist of an array of cues that serve as alternate indicators of quality to shoppers 2. This theory purports that cues are evoked by the two separate dimensions of predictive and confidence values. The predictive value (PV) is the degree to which consumers associate a condition cue with product quality 2. Confidence value (CV) is the degree to which consumers have confidence in their ability to use and judge that cue accurately 2.Further, ground on relative differences in PV and CV, cues can be broken down into the distinct areas of extrinsic and immanent. The American Heritage dictionary describes intrinsic as, Of or relating to the inherent nature of a thing inherent 4 and extrinsic as, not forming an essential or inherent part of a thing extraneous. 5 From this interpretation, an intrinsic attribute would be one that would fundamentally alter the focal object (e.g., product) if it was changed or absent and, per Cue Utilization Theory, would throw an inherently last degree of PV. Alternatively, an extrinsic attribute would be one that would not alter the f undamental nature of the focal object in its absence but might alter a consumers response or perceptions of the object. Per Cue Utilization theory, an extrinsic cue would typically have higher degrees of CV compared to PV.For example, when looking at a video rag on an e-commerce website it could be said that the product price is an example of an extrinsic attribute of the video card. While the video cards dimensions and material composition of the video card serve as intrinsic indicators. Further, you could postulate that the average consumer has a higher CV in their ability to judge the quality of the card based on the price rather than the material composition. Though the consumer knows that the dimensions and material composition of the card are important, they will tend to rely on price as an studyal cue, as that is the cue that they feel the most comfortable evaluating.When considering the quality of a website there are a myriad of dimensions that the consumer mustevaluate to determine if they intend to perform a effect on this website. From the Valacich et al 1 article the consumers basic needs in terms of Structural Firmness, Functional Convenience and Representational Delight must all be met before the consumer will consider doing business. To determine if these needs are being met the consumer will evaluate the cues they perceive as being exhibited from the website. These cues can be further broken down into cistrons by utilizing the WebQual model 3.3. WebQualWebQual consists of 12 dimensions Informational Fit-to-Task, Tailored Information, Trust, Response Time, Ease of Understanding, Intuitive Operations, ocular Appeal, Innovativeness, Emotional Appeal, Consistent Image, On-line Completeness, and Relative Advantage. distributively of these dimensions is shown to have strong measurement validity in regards to the consumers evaluation of overall website quality 3.Information fit-to-task is an amalgamation of info quality and functional fit-to -task 3. In component form, information quality refers to the datas bookness for use or ability to meet the users needs 6. Functional Fit-to-Task can be represented as the degree the engine room assists the user at a given task 7. Drawing these two components suffer together as a whole and relating them to cyberspace lends credence to the definition that information fit-to-task is assisting the user in their desired task by presenting relevant/appropriate information. Loiacono, Chen, and Goodhue 8 define this as The information provided meets task needs and improves performance.The ability for consumers to tailor the information displayed on a website to meet their needs is the basic form of Tailored Information. Tailored Information is further characterized by Ghose and Dou 9 as the interactivity of the website, and represents the consumers ability to modify information presented on the website. Recent research suggests that website interactivity will lead consumers to be more positive in their evaluation of websites 9. This concept has also been operationalized as the ability to personalize information between the consumer and the website 8,10Trust, in relation to websites, is defined in an extremely childly form as consumers confidence that any information entered into the website will remain confidential and that said information will be transmitted and stored in a secure elan 8. Furthermore, trust is having faith that the information presented on the website is true and accurate 11,12. Lack of Trust has been cited as one of the main hindrances to completion of e-commerce transactions 14,11,15Response Time (aka. download time or download delay) is defined by Rose and Straub 16 as the time it takes for a web client to fully receive, process, and display files (p. 56), and is ranked as one of the bear-sizedst impediments to electronic commerce in their research. Additional research has reinforced that Response Time can be an impediment to e-Commerce, and that is it also strongly associated with web site conquest 17,18The consumers ease in comprehending the website is the Ease of Understanding. Loiacono et al. 8 describe this in terms of a websites ease of reading and the understandability of said website. This would include things like presenting the information in a manner which is easy for the consumer to assimilate, and in a fashion such that the consumer can quickly navigate to the desired information.Intuitive Operations deals with the usability of a website, and includes items such as navigability, link placement, operation, and changing the color of visited links 19. Intuitive Operations could be plan of as making the webpage easy to navigate, and providing intuitive options for available tasks 8Visual Appeal is how aesthetically pleasing the website is to the consumer. Determining what is aesthetically pleasing is complicated though it ranges from the overall complexity of the website 20 and the layout of the interfac e 21 to how many ads and graphics are appropriate on a given page22Innovativeness is The creativity and uniqueness of a site design 8. This could include concepts such as a website having a new focal point of presenting its merchandise (e.g. Woot.com) or a website attempting to tailor the information to consumer preferences (e.g. Amazon.com)Emotional Appeal can be elicited in many forms and can be thought of as the consumers intensity of involvement given the emotions that the website elicits 8. This is often seen in the form of tryimonials presented on the website, but can also be observed by simple things such as a consumers reaction to a Valentines Day card.Loiacono et al. 8 articulate Consistent Image as the websites ability to project a company witness that is compatible with the company image shown in other forms of media channels. For instance, a traditional brick-and-mortal store would want to ensure that their website was displaying a compatible image so that they could profit on synergies created by marketing in multiple channels such as cost savings, market extension and improved Trus 23.Presenting all the information postulate for the tasks that the website is designed for would be considered On-line Completeness. This would include tasks such as the ability to complete an online transaction on e-commerce sites. A bank for instance would want omnipresent account access using all available channels, and the information presented in each of these channels has to be on the same update cycle as to present the customer the same information regardless of channel 6.Relative Advantage is gaining a competitive advantage by being able to do something better than the competition. This could come in the form of providing better interaction with the customer by the website 8, being able to provide more accurate and timely data through your website than the competition 6 or being able to price products lower than the competition because of reduced prices in your supply chain.Each of these dimensions is then tied back into the consumers intention to use/reuse the site. Trust and Response Time, being key indicators, are directly linked to the consumers intention to use the site. Common sense would communicate us that consumers are not going to shop on a site that does not respond rapidly to requests. Likewise, if users dont trust the site to keep their information secure, they are not likely to supply the information in the first place. The remaining dimensions are all fully mediated by affairfulness, Ease of Use and Entertainment. Usefulness mediates Informational Fit-to-Task, Tailored Information, Online Completeness and Relative Advantage. Additionally, Ease of Use is partially mediated by Usefulness. Ease of Use mediates Ease of Understanding and Intuitive Operations. Finally, Entertainment mediates Visual Appeal, Innovativeness, Emotional Appeal and Consistent Image (See WebQual model in Figure 1).Consumers do not just browse a site and evaluate each of these individual traits though. Consumers instead tend to examine a website using those cues that they feel confident in their ability to evaluate successfully. To understand this issue further, WebQual needs to be combined with Cue Utilization Theory to explain the extrinsic/intrinsic nature of each of these dimensions.4. Cue Utilization/WebQual Conceptual ModelAs Valacich et al 1 point out consumers must have their basic level of needs met before any of the other elements of the website can become relevant to the consumers experience. To validate that these basic needs have been met, the consumer will evaluate those features that they believe to be highly predictive of the quality of the website. This evaluation will then be indicative of their willingness to go to use the website.Both extrinsic and intrinsic cues serve a function in the consumers overall evaluation of the quality of a website, which means that such cues possess vary degrees of PV and CV. Literature has shown that consumers tend to use a combination of both extrinsic and intrinsic cues when evaluating the quality of a product 2. An argument can be made about the extrinsic versus intrinsic nature of each of the dimensions in the WebQual model.Intrinsic cues are those cues that are inherent to a website. Conceptually they are the cues that when changed fundamentally alter a characteristic of the website (e.g. Visual Appeal). Consumers tend to see these cues as being highly predictive of quality 2. At the same time, consumers may or may not have a high degree of confidence in their ability to evaluate these intrinsic cues because these cues are often difficult to differentiate. Thus, assume a Cue Utilization Theory sight, a website characteristic that is perceived to be an intrinsic cue would have an inherently high degree of PV. Yet, the power of an intrinsic cue for assessments of quality will depend on the CV of the cue, with higher levels of CV being optimal. Extrinsic cues are those cues that are used to evaluate a website but are not an inherent part of the website (e.g. Response Time). Consumers tend to have a lot of confidence in their ability to evaluate these cues in regards to assessment of quality 2. On the other hand, consumers typically do not rate these cues as being highly predictive (as compared to intrinsic cues) of the overall quality of the website. Considering extrinsic cues from a Cue Utilization Theory perspective, a website characteristic that is perceived to be an extrinsic cue would have an inherently high degree of CV.Shown in Table 1 is a 22 matrix representing how each of the combinations of CV and PV will influence consumers willingness to perform tasks on a given website. As shown, characteristics with high CV and high PV are believed to have the largest effect on consumers perceptions of website quality. Those with low CV and PV would have a small to none genuine effect, and those high on one dimension but lo w on the other would have a moderate effect. Next, we will posit about how varying degrees of cue PVs and CVs, respectively, will affect consumer perceptions of overall website quality.Relative Advantage is often considered an important aspect of websites as discussed previously. However, from a Cue Utilization Theory perspective the consumer may experience, at most, only a vague feeling about the Relative Advantage of the website. As such they would not place much value in their confidence in assessing this characteristic, which would result in a low CV. Along the same lines the average consumer would also not really take Relative Advantage into consideration when they were playing tasks, implying a relatively low level of PV. Thus, website characteristics that fall into the quadrant in the model with low levels of both PV and CV would have a small come to on consumers willingness to perform tasks on a website.H1 A website characteristic with low CV low PV will produce a small t o none existent effect on the consumers perception of website quality.A characteristic such as Trust is highly predictive of consumers willingness to use a website, but the average consumer may not have much confidence in their ability to evaluate this characteristic. Trust in an online medium has been shown to be an attribute that is hard for the consumer to evaluate and in some cases to even define. Cue Utilization Theory suggests that though this characteristic is highly predictive of website quality, consumers lack of confidence in evaluating the characteristic may inhibit their ability to use the characteristic to assess the quality of the website. Moreover, dimensions in this quadrant, high PV/Low CV, have been shown to be relatively intrinsic to the website 2, and will have a moderate effect on the consumers evaluation of the websites quality.H2a A website characteristic with low CV high PV will produce a moderate effect on consumers perception of website quality.One could r eason that Response Time is a good example of an extrinsic attribute because it is not part of the inherent composition of the website. Rather, Response Time could be considered extrinsic because it can vary without changing anything about the content of the website. Rose and Straub 16 have shown in their research that consumers tend to attribute lack of responsiveness to extrinsic factors such as the overall speed of the internet, their own internet connection being slow, or other factors. In general, consumers seem to be willing to give the website the benefit of the doubt when slow response times are encountered, and as such, Response Time could be considered extrinsic to the website because it doesnt fundamental change the consumers perception of the website when it is altered. Based on Cue Utilization theory attributes with a low PV and high CV (such as Response Time) will only have a moderate influence on the consumers evaluations of website quality, and those dimensions belon ging to this quadrant would be extrinsic to the website 2.H2b A website characteristic with high CV low PV will produce a moderate effect on consumers perception of website quality.Cue Utilization Theory suggests that those characteristics with High CV and PV are the most highly predictive of consumers perception of website quality. Visual Appeal could be considered an intrinsic attribute because it is a characteristic inherent to the website that consumers are confident in using to evaluate website quality. One could further speculate that Visual Appeal is intrinsic to the website because if the Visual Appeal of the website was changed it would alter the inherent nature of the website. Lindgaard, Fernandes, Dudek, and Brow 24 have shown in their research that consumers form opinions about websites indoors the first 50 milliseconds (ms) of exposure. Furthermore, this initial perception of websites is almost entirely based on Visual Appeal this was shown by correlating the ratings between 50 ms and ergocalciferol ms. However, though this attribute is intrinsic it shows an optimally high level of CV and PV thus placing it firmly into the high move quadrant. Dimensions in this quadrant would exhibit the optimal balance between PV and CV (i.e., an optimal intrinsic cue), and as such this quadrant of the table is hypothesized to have the largest impact on the consumers evaluation of the websites quality.H3 A website characteristic with high CV high PV will produce the largest effect on consumers perception of website quality.5. Research MethodTo test these hypotheses two existential studies will be administered. Study 1 is designed to determine where each of the WebQual dimensions fit into the 22 model shown in Table 1. Furthermore, this study is designed to determine if a crucial difference can be perceived to exist between each of the dimensions when rank ordered by PV and CV. Study 2 will test the hypotheses by collecting data on each of these dimensions u sing a sample website, and comparing actual results to those found in the first study.5.1 Study 1This study will focus on determining the CV and PV for each of the 12 dimensions of website quality, and determining if there is a material difference between adjacent dimensions when rank ordered.5.1.1 Subjects. Approximately 500 subjects will be recruited from an introductory Information Systems class held on campus at a large no.thwestern University. Additionally, approximately 125 subjects will also be recruited from a distance education class offered by the same university. Subjects physically present on campus will complete the survey during their regular lecture times, and the distance education participants will have one week to complete the survey on their own personal computer. both data for Study 1 will be collected during the fall of 2009. Subjects will be given course credit for end the survey, and no other incentives will be provided.5.1.2 Survey Procedure. The survey i s broken into two sections, one for CV and one for PV. In the CV section subjects are presented with a scenario about shopping on the Internet and asked about their confidence in assessing each of the 12 WebQual dimensions when shopping on the Internet for a product (e.g. Amazon.com) or Service (e.g. Bank of America). For this series of questions, the subjects will be required to rate each of the 12 WebQual dimensions on a 10-point likert-type scale with Confident/ non Confident being the top and bottom end of the scale. Finally, the subjects are asked to rank order the dimensions from the ones they have the highest confidence in assessing to the ones they have the least confidence in assessing.The second section is designed to measure the PV of each of the 12 dimensions. Subjects are put in a hypothetical situation where they are in accusal of designing a website for their employer. The first step towards designing the website is to decide the relative importance of each of the 1 2 dimensions in regards to consumers evaluation of the overall website quality. For this series of questions, the subjects will be required to rate each of the 12 dimensions on a 10-point likert-type scale with Important/Not Important being the top and bottom end of the scale. The subjects are then asked to rank order each of the 12 dimensions with respect to how predictive of website quality the subject believes each dimension to be.5.1.3 Data Analysis. Aggregating the results of this data exhibition will allow each of the dimensions to be mapped to a CV and PV scale. Based on the relative PV and CV scores, each of the dimensions will be integrated into the 22 matrix shown in Table 1. Furthermore, the relative magnitude of each dimension will indicate the relative effect each dimension will have on the overall rating of website quality.5.2 Study 2This study will utilize subjects from an introductory Information Systems class taught in the fall of 2009. Approximately 500 students w ill participate. This study will focus on first determining the overall quality attributed to a website by the subjects, and secondly how the subjects rate each of the twelve WebQual dimensions for each website. Using regression analysis, we should then be able to show that the model accurately predicts the website quality based on the rating of each of the 12 dimensions.Furthermore, the pattern of results from this study will examine how well the WebQual dimensions fit to the quadrant they were assigned in Study 1, and that the model developed in Study 1 is predictive of the responses received in Study 2. Those dimensions that serve as the highest-level indicators of website quality should be rated the highest by the subjects, and those that are the lowest should be rated likewise. Ideally, this study should provide significant support for each of the proposed hypotheses, and indicate which of the dimensions should be of highest consideration when constructing a high quality websit e.Initial data for both of these studies should be ready to share at the conference, should the paper be accepted.6. Discussion and Potential ContributionAs shown in the model, the most important considerations when developing a website are those attributes that reside in the high CV and high PV quadrant. Online businesses should pay particular attention to the characteristics in this quadrant, as the consumer will tend to utilize these dimensions the most when determining the overall quality of the website. All businesses seeking to perform transactions within the e-commerce channel should pay heed to these recommendations, but online retailers need to pay particular attention, as this is the primary channel through which they produce revenue.Of secondary importance to consumers are the Low CV/High PV and High CV/Low PV quadrants. If an online business seeks to capitalize on one of the dimensions within these quadrants, they need to pay particular attention to how they will nudge t he consumer into using these dimensions for evaluation of website quality. This could potentially be accomplished through educational campaigns or marketing literature. Finally, the low CV/Low PV quadrant is of limited value to the online retailer, and should be removed from consideration when developing a website.This article seeks to contribute to the field by providing a model that can be used to enable web developers to effectively predict the overall quality of a website based on its design. In following this model, the developer will need to pay particular attention to those attributes that are highly predictive, from the consumers viewpoint, of overall website quality, and as such, the website should be designed in a fashion that encourages the consumer to conduct transactions. Additionally, the consumer will be motivated to perform future transactions from this website because they are familiar with the layout and possess a high confidence in the overall quality of the websi te.7. Limitations and Future ResearchThe primary limitation of this model is that it is an untested conceptual model. The assumptions contained herein are as of yet ungrounded in solid empirical evidence furthermore, this model was designed around e-commerce websites designed to sell products to end consumers.Future research could delve into decomposing those elements that are the most highly predictive of website quality. This research could take each dimension and decompose them to their base elements to discover what it is about the dimension that makes it highly predictive of website quality. Additionally, the extrinsic/intrinsic nature of each of the dimensions could be explored to determine how a company can best capitalize on these dimensions when trying to sell the consumer on the quality of their website. Either of these approaches could prove invaluable to the field, as they will begin to give the developer a specific set of principles to follow when developing a high qual ity website.8. ConclusionCue Utilization Theory is a concept that has been used in marketing for years to determine why consumers react differently to a given product. The author of this article has overlaid Cue Utilization theory upon WebQual to design a model that is predictive of the dimensions serving to form the consumers overall feel for the quality of a website. 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